Chemical elements
  Bismuth
    Isotopes
    Energy
    Production
    Application
    Physical Properties
    Chemical Properties
      Bismuth Trihydride
      Bismuth Trifluoride
      Bismuthyl Fluoride
      Bismuth Trichloride
      Bismuth Oxychloride
      Bismuth Chlorate
      Bismuthyl Perchlorates
      Bismuth Thiochloride
      Bismuth Selenochloride
      Bismuth Dibromide
      Bismuth Tribromide
      Bismuth Oxybromide
      Bismuth Thiobromide
      Bismuth Diiodide
      Bismuth Triiodide
      Bismuth Oxyiodide
      Bismuth Iodate
      Bismuth Thioiodide
      Bismuth Monoxide
      Bismuth Trioxide
      Bismuth Hydroxide
      Bismuth Tetroxide
      Bismuth Pentoxide
      Bismuth Hexoxide
      Bismuth Monosulphide
      Bismuth Trisulphide
      Bismuth Sulphites
      Bismuth Sulphate
      Bismuth Thiosulphates
      Bismuth Triselenide
      Bismuth Chromite
      Bismuth Nitride
      Bismuthyl Nitrite
      Normal Bismuth Nitrate
      Basic Bismuth Nitrate
      Bismuth Phosphide
      Bismuth Hypophosphite
      Bismuth Phosphite
      Bismuth Orthophosphate
      Bismuth Pyrophosphate
      Bismuth Thiophosphate
      Bismuth Arsenide
      Bismuth Arsenite
      Bismuth Arsenate
      Bismuth Carbonate
      Bismuth Cyanides
      Bismuth Thiocyanate
      Bismuth Chromothiocyanate
      Bismuth Orthosilicate
    Detection and Estimation

Bismuth Cyanides






When potassium cyanide is added to a solution of bismuth nitrate a brown precipitate is obtained, the composition of which is doubtful. Early investigators considered it to be an oxide, probably a peroxide, of bismuth, but it was found to contain sulphur, which may have been due to impurities in the potassium cyanide.

By triturating calculated amounts of bismuth bromide and potassium cyanide with small quantities of xylene a reaction occurs from which a complex salt, potassium bismuthobromocyanide, K3[BiBr3(CN)3], is obtained. This compound is decomposed by cold water, but is soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, the solution however decomposing rapidly. When heated out of contact with air, potassium bromide and metallic bismuth are obtained. In a similar manner other complex salts have been obtained, such as the orange-yellow silver salt, Ag3[BiBr3(CN)3], the greenish-grey cuprous salt, Cu3[BiBr3(CN)3], and a mercury salt, Hg3[BiBr3(CN)3]2, which is at first sulphur-yellow, but changes to white prismatic needles. These salts are all decomposed by water.

Other complex cyanides that have been obtained are bismuth ferrocyanide, Bi4[Fe(CN)6]3, which is formed by precipitation with potassium ferrocyanide; bismuth ferricyanide, bismuth cobalticyanide, BiCo(CN)6.5H2O, a greenish-white crystalline substance which turns blue on drying, and when dried over sulphuric acid has the formula 2BiCo(CN)6.7H2O.
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