Chemical elements
  Bismuth
    Isotopes
    Energy
    Production
    Application
    Physical Properties
    Chemical Properties
      Bismuth Trihydride
      Bismuth Trifluoride
      Bismuthyl Fluoride
      Bismuth Trichloride
      Bismuth Oxychloride
      Bismuth Chlorate
      Bismuthyl Perchlorates
      Bismuth Thiochloride
      Bismuth Selenochloride
      Bismuth Dibromide
      Bismuth Tribromide
      Bismuth Oxybromide
      Bismuth Thiobromide
      Bismuth Diiodide
      Bismuth Triiodide
      Bismuth Oxyiodide
      Bismuth Iodate
      Bismuth Thioiodide
      Bismuth Monoxide
      Bismuth Trioxide
      Bismuth Hydroxide
      Bismuth Tetroxide
      Bismuth Pentoxide
      Bismuth Hexoxide
      Bismuth Monosulphide
      Bismuth Trisulphide
      Bismuth Sulphites
      Bismuth Sulphate
      Bismuth Thiosulphates
      Bismuth Triselenide
      Bismuth Chromite
      Bismuth Nitride
      Bismuthyl Nitrite
      Normal Bismuth Nitrate
      Basic Bismuth Nitrate
      Bismuth Phosphide
      Bismuth Hypophosphite
      Bismuth Phosphite
      Bismuth Orthophosphate
      Bismuth Pyrophosphate
      Bismuth Thiophosphate
      Bismuth Arsenide
      Bismuth Arsenite
      Bismuth Arsenate
      Bismuth Carbonate
      Bismuth Cyanides
      Bismuth Thiocyanate
      Bismuth Chromothiocyanate
      Bismuth Orthosilicate
    Detection and Estimation

Bismuth Thiochloride, BiSCl






Bismuth Thiochloride, BiSCl, was first obtained by Schneider by heating bismuth ammonium chloride either with sulphur or in a current of hydrogen sulphide. It has also been obtained by heating bismuth trichloride with sulphur, by the action of hydrogen sulphide on bismuth trichloride at the ordinary temperature, or at temperatures below red heat,

BiCl3 + H2S = BiSCl + 2HCl

and by the action of chlorine on bismuth trisulphide at temperatures below red heat:

Bi2S3 + 6Cl = BiSCl + BiCl3 + S2Cl2

The thiochloride crystallises in dark grey, metallic needles, which appear ruby-coloured under the microscope. It is decomposed on heating in air, bismuth trichloride and sulphur dioxide volatilising, leaving a residue of oxychloride and basic sulphate; on heating in a current of carbon dioxide, bismuth trichloride volatilises, leaving a residue of bismuth trisulphide; in a current of hydrogen, bismuth trichloride, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulphide are volatilised, leaving bismuth contaminated with a little chlorine and sulphur. By strongly heating in a current of hydrogen sulphide it is converted into bismuth trisulphide. It is not attacked by water or dilute mineral acids, even on boiling; but it is decomposed by concentrated acids, hydrogen sulphide being liberated by hydrochloric acid, and sulphur by nitric acid. Potassium hydroxide (and weaker bases more slowly), decomposes it with liberation of chlorine.
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